By Maj. Niel Smith, U.S. Army
Best Defense chief Auftragstatik correspondent

This is the view from being a Stryker BCT S3 in Afghanistan:

1) Mission command requires stable, highly trained staffs and company/troop commanders, proficient in their specialty and job. The Army is still unable to stabilize the "deployment teams" of staff officers and commanders more than three to four months prior to deployment due to the personnel chaos and churn in our system. Staffs have little time to gel, establish SOPs, etc. The most effective thing my commander had me create as an XO was a Squadron Tactical Operations and Planning SOP, which laid out in painful detail every step of the mission planning and orders process for each warfighting function. Over the next six months I spent every Thursday morning teaching my own version of the Captain's course to our (mostly) senior 1LTs filling captain's slots. The SOP came in handy when people changed out or we received attachments - there was no question about what that staff officer's role was and what they contributed to the orders development process. This was especially critical for the non-traditional staff -- the information operations officer, civil military officer, electronic warfare officer, etc. It paid great dividends upon deployment.

2) Company level commanders are more junior than a decade ago, and it reflects. While they are highly adaptable, they are not experienced in how they fit into the larger picture. Their life in the Army has been bouncing from ARFORGEN-deployment-reset-pcs-repeat... They tend to be weak on long range planning and thinking, and struggle to understand how they fit into the fight above them. For example, I spent (a somewhat excessive) 3.5 years on BN and BDE staffs prior to command as a captain, since Germany at the time had a long command queue with few units and many HQs feeding captains. However, this gave me tremendous insight into logistics, personnel, and operations that enabled me to be far more successful in command than if I had taken over right after the career course. All the troop commanders I worked with as a squadron XO were just out of the captain's course and took command upon arrival in the unit. Their prior experience varied, but few had served as more than a PL or XO. As a general rule, they did not understand the BN and BDE fight, the staffs, and how to use them. They also did not get the perspective from learning the unit as a staff officer before taking command, learning how things work, the personality dynamics, and watching other commanders succeed and fail. They were smart and energetic, but simply struggled within the sink or swim environment they were cast into.

3) Few people would recognize the sheer amount of complex equipment fielded to a brigade today that requires sync. There is much, much more to integrate. We have UAVs employed by every echelon from Company to Theater level, plus helicopters and CAS to manage. The airspace is complex and must be deconflicted. We have signals collection gear that does some amazing stuff. We have ground penetrating radar mine detectors. We have precision guided mortar rounds. We have explosive detection dogs. Electronic jamming gear. We have various MISO/PSYOP assets, such as portable radio stations. We have balloons to integrate into the ISR plans with all kinds of towers. We have a host of interagency and joint embeds. We have ISAF/NATO countries which may or may not speak the language. We have SOF assets playing in our area with their own enablers. The list goes on but you get the idea. None of this can be employed haphazardly or we lose the effect of the system, or worse, the systems "fratricide" each other unless someone is looking holistically at the employment. So mission command has its limits.

The net result of the two above factors (untrained/junior staffs and commanders at the tactical level, new and complex enablers) is a need to be more directive and lockstep in planning and orders development. I am not convinced that this is a bad thing.

A good example happened two weeks ago on the BDE staff - we came up with an operational plan based on commander's intent, and pitched it to the BDE deputy commanding officer. As we briefed it became evident the various staff functions were not well synced -- so we went back and did a detailed, traditional wargame, straight out of the FM. The value was evident. The enablers we overlooked were inserted. We identified several decision points missed during the course of action development. We got our logistics synchronized to the maneuver plan in a much firmer way. As MG Scales said, it kept us from doing things like forgetting the BN mortars.

Mission command is a sliding scale. With a stable, experienced staff and commanders, I think it has significant merit. When the prior conditions are absent, more detailed planning is required. The last 5 years have been a hurricane of rapid promotions, weak PME, and hastily formed units. Hence I have become much more of a detailed planner than I ever thought I would have become, or even wanted to. However, the alternative is a generically planned and synchronized operation that may get a Soldier killed because we forgot to resource mine clearing charges for the engineers or didn't ensure the helicopters and UAVs weren't operating in the same altitude band ...

Major Niel Smith is an armor officer and brigade operations officer deployed to southern Afghanistan. Opinions are, but of course, his own and not endorsed by either DoD or Terry Francona. Certainly not by Papelbon, who has never agreed with Van Creveld's assessment of Germany military culture.

isafmedia/Flickr

 

TJ LUCIER

11:51 AM ET

September 13, 2011

Long winded and verbose!

Memo to Major Smith: When writing anything, less is always better. By the time I finished reading your long-winded mini- symposium, I had forgotten what it was that you were trying to tell us. And, no, I'm not suffering the effects of Dementia or the much dreaded Alzheimer's. Sir, with all due respect, you've spent way too much time in staff jobs writing "position papers, staff studies and other stuff that nobody at the next higher level ever reads! Just so you know, I'm a best selling author with a book that's sold over 107,000 copies since December 2004!

 

A SERVING OFFICER

1:54 PM ET

September 13, 2011

This isn't Amateur Hour

TJ,
You obviously have no idea what THE Operations Officer of a Brigade Combat Team does, whether at home station or deployed for combat operations. He is not just some "staff guy." Do you actually listen to yourself?

Niel Smith, who is a friend of mine, has more time in combat than you had in the Army. I am sure to you, with the obvious attention span of a child if his short note was too complex for you, he is just another careerist lifer, punching his ticket. Oh by the way he is a published author too. Dang, so am I.

And no, less is not always better. Complex topics require people who can understand a lot of information---combat operations are complex. Too often we try to oversimplify things that are not meant to be simple...like buying real estate for instance.

I see, according to the Amazon editorial comment on your book (which sells for a whole two cents), that you have "lifetime of real estate investing expertise and experience."

Since turnabout is fairplay...thanks for your obviously substantive role in tanking the American economy with your real estate schemes. Very patriotic of you. How many people did you put out on the street?

 

LESTER_GALULA

2:21 PM ET

September 13, 2011

The real condemnation here

Is that Mr. Lucier's comment was an irrelevant ad hominem.

 

WHISKEYPAPA

4:11 PM ET

September 13, 2011

Yellow Belt

But he did ensure 100% use of the yellow belts in his unit.

Walt

 

TJ LUCIER

7:28 PM ET

September 13, 2011

Memo to Tommy Ricks

What's the matter Tommy, can't you distinguish between honest commentary and so-called boorish behavior? And once again, your rather obvious lack of military service comes back to bite you in the ass! The good Major Smith is what's known in the vernacular as a freaking "staff puke!" And "staff pukes" get people killed in combat because they lack troop time and training and all that other stuff that makes an effective combat leader. As far as verifiable Bookscan book sales go, 107,000 copies is a best selling book! And based on the comments made by some of your more ignorant blog readers, it's rather obvious that their heads are firmly ensconced in their rectums and they're suffering from a bad case of cranial inversion! Tommy, here's a newsflash for you: Blogs by their very nature are opinion oriented. And smart Bloggers don't get their panties in a wad whenever a visitor writes a comment that they find "personally" offensive. Or takes one of their butt buddies to task! I hate to be a spoilsport, but good blogs encourage stimulating debate and intellectually honest discourse. And one more thing, you're a typical lazy newspaper hack and it shows by the lame crap you try and pass off to your readers as relevant, topical nuggets of news! Oh, by the way, when are you going to share your Bookscan numbers with your blog readership?

 

DAVIDDROGBA

2:04 AM ET

September 14, 2011

I had forgotten what it was

I had forgotten what it was that you were trying to tell us By the time I finished reading your long-winded mini- symposium, here u can check aboutNmci Homeport

 

DAVIDDROGBA

2:06 AM ET

September 14, 2011

symposium

I really had forgotten what you were trying to say when I finished reading your long post, here u can check aboutNmci Homeport

 

LUVMY91STANG

7:24 AM ET

September 14, 2011

It was a good piece.

If one only read comics it might seem long winded, but otherwise, umm, no. Less than 1000 words is hardly long winded.

 

BLACK 5

2:21 PM ET

September 15, 2011

Staff puke?...Nerdgasm maybe

Well Sir, I’ll keep this short for both you and I. MAJ Smith is definitely a “one of a kind”, I have served with this academically inclined Leader who truly wants the next generation of Warriors and Leaders alike to be successful. I sat through a few of those Thursday morning sessions and the staff benefited greatly from them. He is verbose and prone to pontification, but you are extremely mistaken about classifying him as a “Staff puke” who gets people killed in combat. If anything MAJ Smith believes that knowledge is power and an engaged knowledgeable staff is a combat multiplier that enables inexperienced and experienced Troop Commanders to be successful. He would not have been selected to serve as a Brigade Operations Officer otherwise.
A daily, no hourly dose of the modern Troop Commander’s day is a bit more complex than worrying simply about how much gas is passed. I truly believe passing gas is important just not that complex.
Scouts Out!

 

TOM RICKS

12:16 PM ET

September 13, 2011

Unnecessary rudeness

Mr. Lucier,

I am throwing a flag on your comment. There is no need for such rudeness, even if you have written a book about how to buy foreclosed property.

I saw a note Maj. Smith had written, not intending it for publication, and I asked him if I could post it. He gave me permission, but he is a busy man, and you should be more patient.

Best,
Tom

 

TYRTAIOS

12:24 PM ET

September 13, 2011

Digressing back to 1944

Always nice to hear from staff officers. . .just not too much and all the time.

However, digressing back to 1944, Soviet Field Regs or what was called the Ustav, summarized lessons learned fighting the Germans by 1943.

The Ustav emphasized three things: maneuver, surprise, and the third, take note, was initiative. . .the readiness to take responsibility upon oneself for a daring decision and to carry it to the end in a persistent manner.

It was further emphasized that “reproach is deserved not by the one who in his zeal to destroy the enemy does not reach his goal, but by the one who, fearing responsibility, remains inactive.” And I might add in my own words, wait for someone to tell them what to do.

The above in part, describes German and Soviet interwar theory and that’s what we’re talking about with the implementation of Auftragstatik, which is a mindset and practice that must be shared by the command leadership down to the lowest rag neck private. . .an issue in itself, since we don’t have enough privates, but we got plenty of staff officers.

 

LESTER_GALULA

1:02 PM ET

September 13, 2011

Some changes since 1944

I don't think that anyone's bashing maneuver, suprise, or initiative, but it seems like the increased planning and coordination required by a greater variety and complexity of supporting systems and capabilities requires some rethinking of how staff planning relates to initiative at the platoon and company level (i.e., initiative is great, but if your initiative takes your unit to a place without logistical support, IDF, or CAS, you're kind of fucked). Critical thinking and planning are a pretty important tool, as well as the ability to make things up as situations change.

 

JPWREL

3:05 PM ET

September 13, 2011

The Seydlitz way

TYRTAIOS, dredges up the old Soviet USTAV, which of course as he says incorporates the elements of maneuver, surprise and initiative. However from 1941 on the Bug to Berlin in 1945 the displaying of initiative was a double edge sword in the Red Army. The Wehrmacht would encourage initiative among their tactical commanders and even accepted a mission failure as a learning experience as long as it did not become a habit. In essence, in the Wehrmacht doing something was more forgivable than doing nothing even if it did not produce results.

The Soviets may have recognized Wehrmacht initiative and included it into their own doctrine but it never really materialized on the field. From Soviet Front commanders to company commander’s failure was unacceptable and not infrequently lethal. In fact, mission failure by a Soviet officer using his own brains and initiative would more than likely be pounced on by commissars as politically subversive and earn him a fast trip to the gulag.

There is an old story about the brilliant Friedrich von Seydlitz, Fredrick the Great’s outstanding commander of cavalry. At the battle of Rossbach Fredrick was increasingly uneasy with the lack of activity of Seydlitz corps and as the tension increased sent rider after rider to get Seydlitz to move. Finally, Fredrick sent a message to Seydlitz containing a threat if action was not taken. Seydlitz retuned the message and wrote on its reverse side was “His Majesty may do whatever he pleases with my head after the battle but in the meantime may he allow it to be used in his service”. This anecdote was imbued in the thinking of the Prussian officer corps for two centuries.

 

TYRTAIOS

3:31 PM ET

September 13, 2011

Rebonjour JPWREL

Like all things, it varied in spirit from one Soviet field commander to another as to the tone they set within their respective commands/armies.

Hitler liked to control primarily because he didn't trust any one commander with too much power. Crazy Joe, on the flip-side, finally learned to trust his army and corps commanders and let them execute without micro-managing (although early-on, Stalin wasn't above purifying the military talent gene pool. . .in extremis, which may have been on many minds).

 

LESTER_GALULA

12:41 PM ET

September 13, 2011

Agreeing with the Maj

1) I'm a supply officer, so the majority of my career will be spent as a staff officer. Even our Squadron COs/staffs have trouble coordinating with Group, planning for logistics, planning ahead, etc. I've noticed that the disconnect mostly has to due with experience in planning rather than rank/training, and with individual effort spent learning the processes of supporting organizations. Typically junior Capts who are hungry and willing to learn are the best, and Majs are the worst (and think that they can use rank to bully you, which is always fun).

2) How does the Army PME for Capts work? For us, you can (and are encouraged to) start non-resident Capt PME as soon as you're promoted to 1stLt (even though it's intended for senior Capts).

3) The Marine Corps has an entire occupational specialty dedicated to deconflicting air space (air control officer), precisely because it's such a hassle.

4) MCDP-6, while not really about the staff planning process, opens with a scenario that gives a good idea of how the Marine Corps expects any given operation to unfold. I would venture that this hypothetical semi-gaggle is indicative of exactly the problems described above.

 

TYRTAIOS

12:59 PM ET

September 13, 2011

Yes, primary staff and

Yes, primary staff and special staff officers are important, but I want to emphasize, and I know you didn't infer otherwise, but they should not become so important in there own minds, that they fail to recognize they are there to support those out on the pointy end of the spear.

Take into consideration those fundamental principles which you view as authoritative, and although they should also guide those you are supporting, those principles (and doctrine) require judgment and some patience in application toward the varying situations.

 

LESTER_GALULA

1:42 PM ET

September 13, 2011

Very True

Nothing is worse than a supporting element drunk on its own importance. The problem that I typically have with the units that I support is that they overestimate their importance relative to policy established by higher, or constraints on limited resources. Sometimes it's a little ridiculous (getting my ass chewed because a squadron didn't have any money because Congress hadn't pass any appropriations for FY11), but most of the time it's because squadrons don't adequately plan ahead or communicate their needs to me.

The supported/supporting relationship definitely has a lot of give and take that's situationally dependent.

 

AARKY

4:56 PM ET

September 14, 2011

Self-imprtant REMF's

Hopefully once you staffers get done writing all those blizzards of paperwork to show how important you are, you will do something more practical to the line troops. Write an SOP that says: Don't send troops into narrow valleys where the Taliban can shoot at them from high above in a classic fish barrel trap (Think Wanat). You should understand that most First Sergeants in line outfits have more smarts than the self-important paper pushers at Brigade and Battalian levels.

 

HUNTER

7:25 AM ET

September 15, 2011

AARKY

You make an interesting point, but pray tell...what does one do when the entire northwest part of the country is valleys among mountains where the bad guys can shoot down at you - like Wanat?

I don't know any better answer myself...seems a difficult problem to have, maybe the so called REMFs weren't so stupid, maybe they didn't have so many options. Regardless I think you should investigate more to understand why they did what they did at Wanat (at least initially).

 

DONVANDERGRIFF

12:59 PM ET

September 13, 2011

Neil is correct, no Mission Command until other issues are fixed

PublicDonald Vandergriff
My newest publication a "white paper" 30 pages on the conflict between an antiquated personnel system and the US Army's desire to practice the doctrine of Mission Command, requiring high professionalism and trust.

http://www.ausa.org/publications/ilw/Documents/LWP%2084%20Vandergriff_web%20(2).pdf
http://www.ausa.org/publications/ilw/Documents/LWP%2084%20Vandergriff_web%20(2).pdf
www.ausa.org

 

SOLDIERSDIARY

1:05 PM ET

September 13, 2011

some points

What I find interesting is the amount of time put into a PSOP, after 10 years of war I find it difficult (but not impossible) to believe that a planning SOP was not created. That being said, I am sure one exhisted at a sister battalion, and yes there is a document that lays that out, it's FM 5-0.

On his point about Commanders not having enough staff time...that is based on his experience only. It is a matter of luck on what the wait time is for command. Some come into command right after the CPTs course, some wait 3 years. There is no specific timeline, just depends on how manyh are in front of you. I guess my point is that you can't say the entire army is using his described method. He also ignores that officers often have staff time prior to going to the CPTs course (when there PL time is up). LTs with 3 plus years as a PL is rare, they do get up on the Battalion Staff.

@ Lucier, how do you quailfy 107,000 copies as best selling? If it is "best selling" as you claim, that is wonderful, crack is a best seller, doesn't make it any good. What I find facinating is that you took the time to criticize the post, but I am sure nobody on these threads ever heard of you. My guess is Tom did a quick google search, but I could be wrong.

 

JRC

1:35 PM ET

September 13, 2011

Dont give up the fight - it can be done

Niel,
In my experience, quality "Mission Command" can be done, but it takes time...

I was a SBCT S3 under the most proficent commander that I ever met and it still took our brigade units and staffs 7 or 8 months to really hit our stride. On a 15 month tour, that left plenty of time to make progress in the fight.
Unfortunately on a 9-month deployment, the first time you feel your systems really clicking, you might be planning your own redeployment.

Simply based on his writing and introspection, it sounds like Niel is smarter than I ever was. If it can be fixed, I bet he can do it

 

AARKY

5:06 PM ET

September 14, 2011

Something is Missing

Do any of the staffers seem to realize that each new outfit that rotates into Afghanistan feels the need to re write all the SOP's and procedures? Are your new SOP's better than the older SOP's? At least now we can understand why they have such bloated staffing.

 

STRYKERCAVSCOUT

11:12 AM ET

September 15, 2011

Some of that

Some of that has to do with personalities and the way a unit trained before deploying. If we'd used the SOP's of the unit we replaced, it wouldn't have gone well for us. We implemented our own with no comment on theirs.

The real problem isn't failure to use the old unit's SOP's so much as a failure (that has been largely remediated over the last few years) to take on the prior unit's lessons learned and to import the intelligence they've gathered over their previous deployment.

 

TOM KENNEDY

2:38 PM ET

September 13, 2011

A quibble

I'm picking out a small part of the article and writing about it, so take this with a grain of salt.

"Company level commanders ...tend to be weak on long range planning and thinking, and struggle to understand how they fit into the fight above them."

That has been the case for several years and is not the product of the GWOT optempo or the lack of staff experience. Many previous commanders killed time on BN or BDE staff before taking the guidon and either didn't learn those logistics, personnel or operational insights or cleared their slates after departing for their 'real job.' Particularly in the infantry units I was in, the staff job was a place to mark time while waiting for your company.

Also, the company commanders I know are 27-30 years old, so the above statement probably applies to most of their peers outside of the military as well.

 

GEO FRICK FRACK

3:24 PM ET

September 13, 2011

the Weimar German army

One thing I remember from the Rommel history and maybe Guderian and Manstein, too, is that German officers spent a lot of time at the company command level. Rommel might have had a company into this 30's or 40's? Something similar applied to the interwar US Army, where some officers stayed shard as they churned through commands, staff jobs, and detail assignments. The good ones like Eisenhower and Rommel must have known their stuff, while staying sharp on details, and gaining strategic awareness.

The incessant up and out of the contemporary professional military meritocracy makes it harder for people to master anything, or make much of a difference, or advocate for a better process, before they move upward toward their Peter Principle job.

 

OLDLOAD

3:11 PM ET

September 13, 2011

Degree of Complexity?

Maj Smith brings up some good points about operations in a fluid environment with other services, commands, SOF, etc., operating adjacent to or in your AO and not necessarily sharing that information with you. Just going on what I have read, have to think it was easier in WW II when everyone was, more or less, reading from the same playbook, but that assumes you didn't share a boundary with the Brits, Canadians, Free French, etc., who had a different way of war? So far as support functions on the BN/BDE staff goes, maybe some effort to educate prospective company commanders (if that doesn't already happen) on what the loggies, comm guys, etc., do for a company commander and how to integrate them? Understand there will likely be more success with someone who is there 3 years versus 3 months but still; just an observation...

 

HRAVENLANDEYE

3:53 PM ET

September 13, 2011

Let us not lose the spirit of the orginal article.

Doctrine should be the fertile soil out of which the seeds of military thought and initiative grow. Soldiers should have a strong base in doctrine, but not to the point where critical-thinking, adaptibility, and openness to new ideas are suppressed. There are certainly many aspects of the military education system that are broken. From my own experiences at Ft. Benning and Ft. Sill, I can say that often times not enough time is dedicated to the important details of actually running a company/battery/troop. For example, property accountability and proper equipment maintenance. One certainly cannot go into battle without the proverbial "Beans, Bullets, and Bodies". No matter how good the unit, without solid logisitics and planning, it is doomed to failure.
However, while the spirit of the original article should apply to all leaders, the letter best applies to the decision-makers on the ground. As a current BDE staff officer, it is my opinion that Command is simply a different beast than Staff. It is an "implied assurance" (if you will) to commanders, even at the platoon level, that they have as much as they need to accomplish their mission, and have the ability to act with an educated-autonomy. The actual leaders of a formation cannot be afford to delve into the pedantry of military operations; that is why he/she has a staff. So with the confidence that as many variables as possible have been accounted for, and that there will be an air drop of food, water, and ammunition at the appropriate time, the commander is free to act with the boldness and audacity necessary to accomplish the mission. It is an implied task that the necessary logistical and adminstrative functions are carried out prior to commencing operations; a specified task is as simple as "attack in order to...". No doubt Frederick the Great would have pulled his hair out if he ordered an attack, only to have his general turn around and ask if the army was supposed to take its rifles.

 

STEVE358

3:59 PM ET

September 13, 2011

Missed the point.

The major's point, as I read it, was that Afghanistan is not Nazi Germany, the mission, enemy and objectives are far less clear.

The common cadre and institutions of the old German Army, and the Hitler Youth Movement that raised these folks since puberty is not relevant to the US military, which is an endless stream of decade long occupation "one year at a time" as dictated by each rotation..

The simple Nazi mission--- kill enemy, take their ground, hold their ground at all costs--- is of little relevance to the Afghan mission, where clear (but not too much), hold (but not to tightly), and build (but not really) evidences a far murkier path.

The British General was correct as to the Nazi military, but, in large part, because their heritage, training, organization and mission was completely different.

Either we change the mission and the organization to a comparable one, or we seriously ask the questions behind the Major's comments.

 

TYRTAIOS

4:18 PM ET

September 13, 2011

Mission tactics - vs Brain washing

Yes, Afghanistan is a different tempo war than Nazi Germany fought. But Steve, you may be missing the point of mission tactics and not setting a tone whereby subordinates, even down to the fire team level, are afraid to use initiative toward what they feel, or very well know, is a fleeting exploitable moment. . .which exists in some shape or form in all conflict, whether big bang or low intensity.

 

STEVE358

5:24 PM ET

September 13, 2011

No offense, but a review of,

No offense, but a review of, for example, CSIS.org/Cordesman's 70-plus page powerpoint on successful transition out of Afghanistan by 2014 creates a very different landscape than "occupy France," for which every one of Guderian's troops new how to identify and pursue exploitable moments.

Fleeting and exploitable moments, collectively, have not, and will not substitute for an underlying successful strategy, which, at best, is a very complex framework.

Reality is that transition will be much more complicated than the prior game plans.

 

TYRTAIOS

7:01 PM ET

September 13, 2011

Thanks for the reply,

I enjoy your articulate posts. However, Auftragstatik has nothing to do with strategy really, and all to do with mission tactics, which is why it makes me all tingly inside when it's discussed in its pure form.

Your salient point. isn’t lost on me that all the good tactical success will not substitute for a cohesive strategy . . .I know, I headed down that trail long ago and came to the clearing and found nothing but emptiness.

 

STEVE358

10:22 PM ET

September 13, 2011

Fair enough about tactics v.

Fair enough about tactics v. strategy, but I was always intrigued by the German culture from that period, and really have trouble making a comparison.

The older folks I met during my four years in and around Hof Gap were a product of something very much deeper than, say the Southern Civil War ethos. Even in Baghdad, I met a very serious Pole, a product of the very oldest military families/traditions.

The Elector of Hesse had been sending out his military as a highly valuable tool for generations. The Prussians and Poles from military families lived in a culture that carries forward through the Imperial Period, the Weimar, and later periods. These folks were dyed in the wool spartans; not the kind of pick-up forces that typify the US military---kids from Iowa who joined the navy to get away, college student/ROTCs committed due to the whole 9/11 thing, or so many soldiers doing it as a professional job.

As background, too, all of these folks grew up in and lived in a fairly common Euro framework and terrain---villages, towns, trains, school masters, government systems, and many even had common language skills (ala Battenburgs in England, Russians who spoke french).

Major Smith is dealing with a high-turnover volunteer army from, essentially a Western framework, in a fairly atypical culture, environment and language. In some ways, the multiple tours raise confusing issues where either the mission was very different in that area/period, and the ROEs and tactics were different.

As Cordesman points out, there is no time left for any new ideas or approaches---just take one and play it to its end. If they don't work, it doesn't matter. There are no resources or sustaining support for anything else.

After a decade of experimentation and change, with a brief period of fairly unlimited resources, the implications of the post-announced withdrawal phase is very, very unique: no more promises promises, patient capacity building, or projects. No more dreaming of what could be.

Rolling back a mission, in prep for withdrawal is a very complex endeavor, and represents major tactical differences. EG, what my instinct from the past told me is irrelevant today.

Like Iraq, there is no question that the withdrawal will happen, but mapping it out and implementing it will be a huge change of course.

The Major's points are, in my opinion, very much larger today than last year, when time and resources were unlimited.

 

AARKY

5:21 PM ET

September 14, 2011

A big Surprise

Would someone clue the Major and Mr Cordesman that the US State Department and military have been in secret arm twisting negotiations with the Afghanis to stay in a "strategic relationship" until at least 2024. It includes selling them fighter planes and other military equipment. The same thing in Iraq, where the US military would be whittled back to 3-4,000 troops but hired mercenaries would be 5,000 and total would be 17,000 total employed by State. The good Major should start writing a new SOP for when the Mahdi Army lays seige to the US embassy in Baghdad.

 

KUNINO

5:31 PM ET

September 13, 2011

Major Smith's plaint

This recalls the plaint of David Hackworth from Vietnam, that quite a lot of personnel shifting was done to punch the tickets of officers who, without battle service in their records, could not hope for high achievement in Defense. This, he suggested, meant that their real battlefield was in Washington rather than SVN, and that few were SVN long enough to learn much about how things worked -- or didn't -- there. Different today?

 

JC333

6:35 PM ET

September 13, 2011

I know its off topic but...

What is the long cylindrical object in the lower left side of the picture? If that's a weapon barrel which? I've never seen anything like it in my time, but I've been out for 5 years.

 

BN RUNNER

7:10 PM ET

September 13, 2011

60mm Mortar tube

60mm Mortar tube in handheld configuration.

 

JC333

7:14 PM ET

September 13, 2011

Ahh

Thanks for the information.

 

STRUELA

8:20 PM ET

September 13, 2011

60MM mortar

Ah, Bn Runner, you beat me to the punch. Another answer could be that this picture is taken inside a FOB: The man on the right is a contracted Mexican gardener with a leaf blower (hence the flying detritus),busily policing the area in preparation for a visit by a coterie of ISAF MucketyMucks, just dropped off by helo.

These, in turn,are present to insure that the possibility of any fascist flavored Auftragstatik operations taking place are nipped in the bud. The other military lads in the picture are looking for rocks to paint.

 

MK.MURTAUGH

8:58 PM ET

September 13, 2011

Auftragstaktik

Gentlemen-
If you want a good breakdown of Auftragstaktik at its base level, look to LtCol Grossman. He wrote an article (either while a student or instructor, not sure, at the Capt's Course) about Rommel's application of it as a company grade officer. Not surprisingly, its very well written. And I believe gets to the heart of maneuver warfare and "mission-type tactics."

With that I do believe some of you are missing the point with this term. It is intended for commanders of maneuver units. Not for staffs. Staffs conduct detailed planning. They always have. Even under the Prussian staff model. But commanders need the flexibility to exercise their initiative and weight their intent. Specifically, at that point of friction or the main effort, the Schwerpunkt (another great germanic military term).

Commanders give guidance, direction, and desired end states to their staff and expect them to fill in the blanks. In the end run, their subordinate commanders get a task and purpose from the boss with coordinating instructions fleshed out by the staff.

 

RVN SF VET

10:11 PM ET

September 13, 2011

The Brigade Fight? I'm confused.

The comp[any commander doesn't appreciate the strategic mission or the Brigade Combat Team mission - I'm confused. I've only heard/seen a battalion deployed and I think that we are lucky if a whole company gets into the fight. Usually, the guerrilla desires to engage a fire team or platoon split off from the main body. Usually the Company has two Air Force combat controllers to call in air and deconflict air assets locally. I assume that brigade and battalion have requested these assets from higher in competition with other units in contact.

Once a company or even a battalion is in contact, I have trouble envisioning a relevant brigade plan to pursue. The battalion was supposed to move through an area to line so and so? Were they going to do this in conjunction with other battalions? Do we have missions that large in Afghanistan? The Major mentions numerous intelligence assets to include mine detecting radar etc. I have not read a single story where a company benefited from such assets.

I cannot see this as a brigade war. I do see a brigade as a planning entity which provides adequate support and supplies for subordinate units likely to be in contact. But I see this only as a company and platoon shooting war and I see rigid planning at higher levels only useful in providing support - not maneuver direction.

Please enlighten me.

 

ERIC_STRATTONIII

12:24 AM ET

September 14, 2011

@RVN

Here is some enlightenment for you RVN, you are, IMO, right. In OEF, a couple of companies would be the max unless we start pushing east into Pakistan and I do not see that happening. This is a small unit war with small unit tactics and the big boys with armor, IDF, CAS, AWT Platforms are their to provide support.

 

SOLDIERSDIARY

6:23 AM ET

September 14, 2011

the higher role

While I tend to agree, that once units are on the ground fighting, it is a small unit fight, however...the placement of where Companys, and Battalions will be located, the ID of the Main Effort and higher level assets that support the main effort (ISR, PRTs, etc...) are decisions made at the BDE level and higher. So although you may not see a Brigade level MVMT to contact, laying out priorities is still necessary at the higher levels of command, otherwise you have just a bunch of tactical units fighting with no higher purpose.
At the Strategic Level, keeping the NATO partner nations in the fight still occurs, be it through training the units prior to, engaging the national leadership and placement in country all still occur.

 

ERIC_STRATTONIII

7:38 AM ET

September 14, 2011

@Soldiersdiary

While the spread of forces for support and logistics will always be at higher levels, the problems Maj. Smith talks about are often self made from what I have seen with an overly heavy staff and S shops also heavily manned with people who could and should be out in the field. Part of the problem with ISR and UAV platforms is it gives those officers who are in the JOC/TOC a habit of wanting to call the shots on the ground, second guessing what their people are doing and in the end what they should be doing is getting SITREPS from their JOs who are on the ground and providing support and dividing assets to provide the support that the ground forces request. The Squad, Platoon or even Company that is engaged in either Patrols or in an actual contact should be given CAS/IDF, resupply (Water, Ammo, etc...), CASEVAC if needed, etc...etc...as it is requested of the JOC/TOC and that JOC/TOC should be acting in support of and not attempting to control those folks on the ground, i.e.; let them complete the mission and give them the platforms you can spare (ISR, AWT, CAS, IDF, QRF, etc...as available) and DON'T throw your two cents in, DON'T attempt to tell the guys on the ground what they actually need, THEY know what they need. THEY are there and the JOC/TOC Commandos are not. DON'T second guess them at every turn and cut some of the fat out of your staff and other shops so that the mission itself is better supported. Again, I think some of the problems are cultural and if the USMC and SOF can do more with less and be a little quicker to react, take the initiative and adapt then the army can too. As for the sheer paperwork circus the Army has for kit issue, ammo and inventories, I am sure Lester and Maj. Smith can write a longggggg article on how that can be reformed and hence take some of the incredible a@@ pain that is involved out of it.

 

SOLDIERSDIARY

11:22 AM ET

September 14, 2011

good points

but, I would counter with this, sure they know what they need, but they do not know what they need if they do not know about other assets available, they may not know what an adjacent unit needs and that unit is a higher priority on limited assets. It's the whole Known and Unknown Rummy argument.
That being said, lets get on with Wednesdays post Tom, time for a new thread.

 

LESTER_GALULA

11:33 AM ET

September 14, 2011

Reforming issue paperwork

Re: Kit issue, all USMC needs is enough flaks, kevlars, and hot/cold weather gear to issue every Marine, and an incredible administrative burden would be removed from my shoulders.

Re: Inventories. Inventories would be easy if responsible officers would a) organize their records to make it easy to find the stuff for which they're accountable and b) would quit losing shit.

 

ERIC_STRATTONIII

3:26 PM ET

September 14, 2011

@Soldiersdiary & Lester

Soldiersdiary, the assets are pretty well known, that is what we have FOBs for so we can store that stuff until we need it but the people at the FOBs deciding if you actually need something or not when they are not out in the field and doing it via video armchair quarterbacking is a problem. I guess what I am saying is that the huge staffs and huge numbers that the Army used in their shops (S2, S6, etc...) wind up being counter-productive to the idea of Auftragstatik.

Lester, you are right and they are simple points as well as being something that can be corrected with of course the exception of losing stuff and from what I have seen....umm....breaking stuff.

 

F

9:22 AM ET

September 14, 2011

Maybe it should be about what happens after the planning process

We do have a lot more kit, a lot more enablers, and more complicated systems to synchronise than the early 20thC Germans ever did, and the enemy is more elusive than that which the Germans faced (at least on the Western Front - can anyone recommend a good book on mission command in the partisan war on the Eastern Front?). Perhaps the mission command lesson we should be applying today is how it is used once contact has been made (at which point the maxim about plans survival rates kicks in). That's when junior leaders should be reminding themselves of the commander's intent and asking themselves if the situation has changed. If it has, is their mission still relevant? If not, what do they have to do to achieve the intent? That's when they should be getting on the air to inform their higher HQ about what they are doing - NOT asking for guidance.

 

TOM RICKS

9:47 AM ET

September 14, 2011

Also a reminder of one of the blog rules

Try not to post comments while drunk.
Best,
Tom

 

STEVE358

10:51 AM ET

September 14, 2011

But, Tom.....

But, Tom.....

 

Thomas E. Ricks covered the U.S. military for the Washington Post from 2000 through 2008.

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