By Lt. Col. David Flynn, U.S. Army
Best Defense guest columnist

Thanks, Tom, for allowing me to contribute. For those who think I don't have the time nor should I be involved in the business of blogging, I feel privileged to exercise my First Amendment rights in the name of the Constitution I have sworn to support and defend.

I'm glad that Mr. Foust has gained a certain degree of civility in the debate, and I respect his positions. Before I dive into the Tarok Kalache discussion I want to reiterate a couple points made in my initial post that apparently were not clear. No weapons have been issued to the Charqolba ALP, and the vetting process, not yet complete, IS thru the MOI and other government officials.

We're not arming "militias," and we monitor the program in concert with the local police by living in the village with the prospective members. We all recognize the risks moving forward, but have entered this venture wholly with the Afghan government and citizenry at their request in our district. To fully describe the ALP program would require more space than this blog can hold, so allow me now to step into the eye of the hurricane in this Taliban sanctuary elimination discussion.

We arrived in June of 2010, fully vested in the population-centric COIN principles promulgated by the former COMISAF, Gen. McChrystal, FM 3-24, and nearly a year's worth of preparation to fight in Afghanistan. We didn't walk into our initial fight and seek air support at the first sound of gunfire because we were very much in tune with the potential adverse effects on the population we are trying to separate from the insurgent.

Our intelligence suggested the enemy was meeting the surge in Arghandab with hundreds of IEDs and mines, turning a relatively small area into a veritable minefield. During the relief in place as explained by some other readers we saw firsthand the density of mines and IEDs laced throughout the battlefield. In the first one hundred days of fighting we saw more than 200 IEDs in a 2 by 6 kilometer area roughly equivalent to an IED exposure every 60 meters patrolled on foot by our soldiers. The enemy had the advantage of knowing the terrain, excellent cover and concealment to conduct their attacks, and knowledge of where the IEDs had been inserted.

As we made our plan to clear the villages of the district we made an assumption that the villages were inhabited. We discovered soon after the initial raids that many of the villages were occupied by the Taliban, defended heavily with IEDs, and devoid of any civilian presence. We asked for and received all the enablers required to fight in a minefield. We fought for nearly 100 days prior to the assault on the Taliban sanctuary of Tarok Kalache. During those 100 days we endured multiple killed and wounded in action mostly from the IEDs/mines dotting the landscape. Never did these devices deter our soldiers from continuing forward and pushing the fight to the enemy.

During those 100 days, I became friends with the malik of Tarok Kalache. He explained to me on more than one occasion that there were no civilians living in his former village. They had all sought refuge in homes throughout the province, and all that remained in the village were Taliban fighters. We fought this enemy, 600 meters to the south of COP STOUT that we seized on July 30th. To those who think it's easy to simply move 600 meters through a densely vegetated minefield under fire, I will tell you I had other objectives to accomplish and devised a plan to take the village later in the fighting season as we did. It was part of the plan.

All summer long, in spite of our casualties, the local population was hit worse by the Taliban's indiscriminate maiming of civilians by their IEDs. Children maimed while playing in the fields; fathers killed in front of their children while working in the orchards. The people of the displaced villages told me that they could not return to their homes due to the threat. I have witnessed more Afghans expressing a desire for retribution against the Taliban than coalition forces in my area.

We conducted weeks of pattern-of-life analysis on Tarok Kalache prior to conducting the assault of Oct. 6-7. We confirmed there were no people and continued to receive updates from the malik stating the same.

Earlier in the summer, we had soldiers killed and wounded while attempting to clear other villages laden with IEDs unseen to the naked eye, and villages with no population and no realistic opportunity for the people to return. We had plenty of assets and the most proficient experts to deal with the threat, but there is no perfect solution to protect soldiers from getting hurt or killed under these circumstances.   

As we studied Tarok Kalache, I reflected why I should have more of my soldiers killed or wounded clearing an abandoned village now used as Taliban sanctuary for a nonexistent population that by all accounts could not return to their homes. They now had displaced to other homes but expressed a desire to return someday. My goal was to eliminate Taliban sanctuary and get the people back into their village. A key task I gave to my soldiers prior to the deployment was to establish genuine relationships with the people down to the squad level, and over the first 100 days we did that very well to the point we were in open dialogue with the displaced citizenry.

On Oct. 6, U.S. soldiers conducted a raid on Tarok Kalache to seize enemy fighters. They were a shaping operation to enable my task force to breach our way 800 meters to the south, clear, and then hold the Taliban sanctuary. When Ms. Broadwell described "momentum" it was about our breaching operation that occurred after the airstrikes on the village. We still had to breach the minefields to get to our blocking positions to set conditions for an adjacent force, Col. Razik's Afghan Border Police, to clear other villages at first light the next day. Though Razik's forces were from outside the district, so were the ANA and many of the Afghan police that had been sent to the district as part of the surge. This clearing operation was planned, rehearsed, and executed as a combined operation with Afghan forces of all flavors.

The report we received from soldiers on the ground during the night raid on Oct. 6 was that the village was laden with mines, homemade explosives, detonation cord in every structure. This was similar to patterns we had seen in other abandoned villages. I approved airstrikes based upon multiple intelligence cues, no evidence of civilians reported by soldiers on the ground, my sources in the local area, and overhead drones. There were no civilians killed in the strike. We observed with aerial platforms and later consulted the local leaders in the area to learn if anyone had been injured. The plan to conduct strikes was vetted through the district governor.

Did I want to destroy the entire Taliban sanctuary and leave no structures for the people to return to? No. The choice, based upon my previous experience, was to lose or maim more of my soldiers or raze the structures and rebuild later. I had the greater context of the population in mind and felt with the relationships we had already made in the past three months, already solidified by the previous unit, that we could successfully resettle the population to this area.

To clarify other points where I may have led Ms. Broadwell askew, allow me to address the "theatrics" description. In a meeting in the district center one of the elders was upset with the decision to raze the village. He was a businessman from Kandahar City who lost homes for his tenant farmers. We had never met him until after the airstrikes. His penchant for exaggerated hand gestures and my knowledge that the Taliban routinely send spoilers into the shuras -- I was uncertain as to his motives. I described him as theatrical not in a derogatory manner but as more of a clinical observation of his behavior. Dramatic would have been a better description.

You may see this man on ABC News in the near future showing a blueprint for his new homes. We are well on schedule to rebuild the village, though the Taliban clearly do not want to see it happen. I did actually think more than one day past the airstrikes and, with my ANA battalion commander, established a combat outpost in Tarok Kalache to prevent Taliban intimidation and demonstrate our commitment to the rebuild. The Taliban is demonstrably opposed to our rebuild efforts.

How has the local population responded? Recently the malik expressed that destruction was inevitable due to the presence of Taliban evicting him from his village and the fight he envisioned with the massive influx of U.S. and ANA forces. This is certainly not an easy predicament to fight in, though we have maintained consistent dialogue with the villagers of Tarok Kalache. 30 percent of our cache and IED finds in the area surrounding the village are from local national tips. Farmers are moving to their fields by the hundreds since the clearing operation, as opposed to handfuls when Tarok Kalache was a Taliban sanctuary. Our cash-for-work employment of the locals is in the hundreds, up from zero. Village-level shura attendance is on the rise. We've not noticed any wide- scale overt retribution from the people, though there is still low-level activity in the district. Nothing compared to the pre-clearance days.

When Ms. Broadwell walked through the area, it was indeed drastically safer than it had been in months. We patrol with rifles and protective gear because we are professional soldiers. Prior to the October clearance we could not have walked that area without the threat of an IED or enemy ambush.

If we didn't care about the local population, I would have thrown money at them and bid them farewell. We are committed to their future, and as far as I can tell they are walking side by side with us.

It is clear to me that no matter my open window into the war here, many are so deeply engrained in their opinions that nothing will satisfy. I stand by my decisions and am confident I have the support of my soldiers' families and the vast majority of the American public, Mr. Foust and friends notwithstanding.

We continue on a daily basis to remove IEDs and munitions caches, battle intimidation, and capture insurgents while at the same time reconstruct the villages. It's a process that will continue well into the tour of the next unit. The upcoming spring and beyond will define success of our endeavors.  

Army Lt. Col. David Flynn commands CTF 1-320 in southern Afghanistan.

U.S. Army

 

DMDENNIS

1:11 PM ET

January 24, 2011

Good post

I was critical of LTC Flynn's original post, but this one did a much better job of getting his point across.

 

WALKING WOUNDED

1:18 PM ET

January 24, 2011

Thx for words, need maps

I LIKE this 2-track give and take, anchored by Broadwell and Flynn.

I would appreciate a map locating the places mentioned in relation to each other, the river and the Kandahar road. And if the photos are specific in time and location to the discussion (as opposed to the usual FP/BD file shots) a descriptor sentence is called for.

Carry on.

 

JPWREL

1:37 PM ET

January 24, 2011

Lt. Col. David Flynn’s

Lt. Col. David Flynn’s response was a sincere effort by a professional soldier to bring some light to what he and his men are doing. I thank him for that and add that he is also a pretty darn good writer for a gunner.

While I will agree that a vast majority of the American people strongly support the welfare and interests of servicemen and their families I believe that he is dead wrong in assuming that support constitutes support for the war in Afghanistan.

 

WALKING WOUNDED

1:45 PM ET

January 24, 2011

ANA/police use of dogs for mine-detection and security?

I would like to ask the LtC and knowledgeable commenters whether the use of working dogs is catching on with the local forces his team will leave behind? As with other war zones (Bosnia, Lebanon, Africa), mine clearing and counter-infiltration/terror tasks will go on for years after we leave.

I've heard from other US war vets on this blog that dogs carry cultural baggage (unclean), and of course the improper use of dogs for interrogation is something America's image is now stuck with. That said, if our troops find dogs valuable, to detect explosives transportation and caches, and to secure outpost perimeters, how are ANSF facing a different threat environment?

In Iraq, gov't forces were heavily and repeatedly targeted, to prevent their maturing. I've also heard that dog handlers, like translators and intel sources, were specifically targeted. I assume the Taliban employs similar strategies, and that locally trained K9 security could save the men we are enabling, and protect their people.

Teach a man to fish...

 

ADMIRAL

4:07 PM ET

January 24, 2011

International War Crimes Tribunal

The only way we will get near the truth is to have this whole affair looked into by an International War Crimes Tribunal. We all know the Army lies about everything. The Army has no credibility, and Flynn should watch his statements, because they can be used against him in a trial.

 

ELLIOTTWOODS

3:46 AM ET

January 25, 2011

Why IWCT when no cas?

Why would you advocate involving the IWCT when there were no civilian casualties reported? And, no sir, the Army does not lie about everything.

 

SPECIALOPERATOR'SDAD

1:05 PM ET

January 25, 2011

Internationa War Crimes Tribunal

Admiral, You're an effing idiot! My god, how can you even think of such garbage? Does it even occur to you that the Taliban forces kill and maim their own people indiscriminately? The TRUTH.... YOU CAN'T HANDLE THE TRUTH!!!

 

WINSTON SMITH 9584

6:07 PM ET

January 25, 2011

War Crimes should be taken seriously...

LTC Flynn,
I know you claim to have destroyed a civilian village 'after a great deal of deliberation and planning', but your apparent careful planning really is not relevant...bombing and destroying civilian structures may very well be a violation of the laws of war and may be a war crime.

 

SOAP MCTAVISH

4:22 PM ET

January 24, 2011

the atlantic

Anyone read Foust's article in The Atlantic?

I've got a long way to go before I'm a battalion commander (if I make it that far), but I'm starting to think that getting into a war of words with an analyst/blogger was a baaaad move. Is the name LTC Flynn becoming synonymous with village razing? The Atlantic article certainly isn't helping his case...

 

WALKING WOUNDED

8:33 PM ET

January 24, 2011

write about what you know

LTC Flynn scored when he waisted less words on the critics credentials and attitude, spoke from dire experience on his teams lethal activities, balancing economy and depth. It's odds-on far closer to the truth to accept both Major and LTC at face value, while testing the logic of the propositions they put forth against other sources. No need to call anyone a liar or a fool to question the prospects for this war's grand strategy.

Of course a war commander is on the job in speaking to us BD readers, conducting a rearguard shaping op. Are the Maj. and LTC 'first to deliver the bad news', his commanders intent, as he claims? It would appear so, close enough. Did Broadwell miss some particular mark in her account, items that Flynn owns, identifies and corrects? Reporters transmit imperfect facts, as all who read about familiar near events have discovered. Seldom do the corrections make the front page.

Does Tom Ricks, former chief Iraq war correspondent/editor for WaPo, currently voice for a think tank that has placed members in line for SecDef, bestselling profiler of the great Petraeus, does Tom function in an info ops environment that includes selective info, misinfo and disinfo? That's only a revellation to the self-deceived.

Maker your point and move on. Any SHOCKED info virgins in this audience have wandered into the wrong room.

 

ADMIRAL

5:10 PM ET

January 24, 2011

Flynn uses terrorist threats against civilians

"Tarok Kolache is the kind of horror story that always accompanies war. "This is not the first time this has happened," a platoon leader who served in Kandahar recounted to me. There, the destruction of mined villages is common. Last November, the New York Times reported that demolishing unoccupied homes and towns had become routine in several districts in Kandahar. Because the war has displaced an estimated 297,000 Afghans, many of whom will flee during extended violence and later return, homes are often empty. In October, the Daily Mail quoted this same Lt. Col. Flynn as threatening villagers with their town's destruction if they did not report Taliban activity to his soldiers (the village in that story, Khosrow Sofia, was later burned to the ground much like Tarok Kolache). In neighboring Helmand province--even more violent than Kandahar--Marines have explicitly threatened villages with destruction if local civilians didn't volunteer the locations of near IEDs."

http://www.theatlantic.com/international/archive/2011/01/how-short-term-thinking-is-causing-long-term-failure-in-afghanistan/70048/

 

RAYFIN3

5:38 PM ET

January 24, 2011

brilliant tactics, broken strategy

Another lucid case of precisely arranging the deck chairs on the Titanic. I'll bet a six-pack of beer that Tarok Kalache is back in enemy hands by this time next year. Remember the Restrepo!

 

MICHELGF

7:32 AM ET

January 25, 2011

 

RVN SF VET

9:14 PM ET

January 24, 2011

A CONFLICT ON THE FACTS

I've just read Mr. Foust's Atlantic article: http://tinyurl.com/5wjx5jw .

He directly contradicts several key to include the issuance of weapons to self-defense force personnel and whether they are being properly vetted. The issue of weapons issuance is a simple matter of fact. The issue of vetting is somewhat ambiguous as no one says when the legal vetting process began as opposed to when the recruits commenced training.

The most disturbing fact is that a subordinate of LTC Flynn;s, a Captain, directly contradicts his commander by saying that villagers (plural) were angry over the bombing of their village. Personally, I see destruction the only alternative by a completely mined village devoid of civilians. LTC Flynn is clear that he confirmed the absence of civilians using several sources to include human sources. Various sources of aerial surveillance would be hard-pressed to distinguish between Taban and civilians unless they are walking around with crew-served weapons and RPGs. He did say they used pattern analysis and that is plausible. What we do not get, from anyone, is a BDA suggesting Taliban bodies and weapons (no, I'm not talking body count.

However, once he announced his intentions to include the District Chief, I must assume that the Taliban were informed and that they unassed the area carrying the weapons that they could. Compromise is pretty much guaranteed in a country like Afghanistan - maybe anywhere There appears to be a little naivete pervading Army thinking.

Lastly, focusing on one village in a District (or AO) does not give us an accurate picture of the situation.. In a situation this complex with so many actors, such an appraisal is difficult at best and likely to be grossly inaccurate. This is like Alzheimer's, you can't diagnose it authoritatively until the patient dies. Here, we may not know until we draw-down or leave.

 

DON M

1:49 AM ET

January 25, 2011

Tarok Kalache , et al

As a retired United States Marine who proudly served with the 5th Marines in the An Hoa area of Quang Nam province of the Republic of Vietnam until a grenade and an SKS round ended my service, I would like to salute Lt. Col. Flynn and his troops for their service. And a salute to RVN SF VET whom I assume is a fellow Vietnam vet, although I don't necessarily agree with all of your perspective. Lt. Col. Flynn and his troops are fighting in a truly nasty war, against Taliban, al Qaida, and of course against the arm-chair stratigists/civilians of the US and her allies as well as those who oppose us.

RAYFIN3, Tarok Kalache may indeed end up in the hands of the Taliban down the line, although for the sake of those who once called it home I hope not. However in the grand scheme of things that isn't important unless the place is of strategic value. The priority is killing as many of the enemy as possible. I know that sounds terrible, but that's what war is about. One can always rebuild a village, but if you waste enough Taliban you can't "rebuild" them, especially if the Afghanis fear the consequenses.

Admiral, terror is a weapon, one that the Taliban employed first, and the Marines are turning that weapon back against them, if what you say is fact. I hope it is because that is the only way to fight this kind of war succesfully. I would employ the strategy of the Mongols - tell us where the Taliban and the IEDs and weapon caches are, or we will destroy your village and kill every last one of you.

The greatest weakness our military has is that it is dictated to by politicians who've never seen combat. The president & congress should have the authority to make the decision whether or not to go to war: after that the military or combat veterans should call the shots. We should study the tactics and campaigns of the best warrior this nation ever produced, Nathan Bedford Forrest, and adapt them to the particulars of Afghanistan. We've screwed around enough, its time to go all out, like the Marines in Helmand only take that to the 5th power.

Oh yes, nearly forgot: the first and most important action to take is to throw out all the journalists in the country. All they ever seem to accomplish is dead and wounded Americans (and our allies).

 

SOCAL55

2:46 AM ET

January 25, 2011

And if you had your way

We would be half way through our fifth decade fighting in Vietnam and victory would be just around the corner.

 

SOCAL55

2:39 AM ET

January 25, 2011

Afghanistan has the second

Afghanistan has the second most corrupt government on the planet. Lt. Col. David Flynn seems to have a totally unwarranted faith that the local Karzai appointed governor will not distribute huge sums of U.S. taxpayer cash to his kinsmen and cronies rather than the actual displaced villagers,

 

CUBITAL TUNNEL

2:46 AM ET

January 25, 2011

What about Razik?

Isn't that guy super sketchy? Aren't we supposed to feel bad about enabling some drooling mafiosi? Someone help me out here and explain why making the United Streetz Dopeboyz of Afghanistan even more indispensable to our COIN ops doesn't constitute failure.

 

INNOCENT BYSTANDER

8:28 AM ET

January 25, 2011

Typical drive-by journalism

Foust yet again chooses a target for criticism, but does not provide any insightful analysis or alternative solutions. LTC Flynn should not take his article seriously. Just another blogger trying to make a name for himself with not much new to offer.

 

COUNTCHOCULA1011

12:56 PM ET

January 25, 2011

Why I would never even bother arguing with this guy:

You're simply not going to win in the eyes of the public. The American people have been lulled into a trance-like state in which we think of soldiers as akin to priests. They can do no wrong and any criticism of them is verbotten. Thus, this blogger--no mater how convincing his arguments might be--is never going to win. If we stop worshiping our military, then he might have a chance. However, I don't see this happening in the long run. Americans have no clue about the realities of the wars they supported, and they like it that way.

 

RVN SF VET

1:24 PM ET

January 25, 2011

"Americans have no clue

about the realities of the wars they supported, and they like it that way."

Because we no longer benefit from the draft! Neither our citizens nor their leaders have a clue about war and the military and we are the worse for it. The military used to be the first employer and trainer for most young American males.

When we enshrined civilian control of the military, most members of Congress had combat experience starting with the Indian Wars. Read the "Annals" to see their detailed knowledge revealed in debate - particularly concerning where to locate frontier forts and the building of the USS Constitution.

Likewise, reporters and teachers had military experience. You all know, "In an emergency, break glass." Well, in an emergency, stand near a veteran. Note who the airlines try to seat at the emergency exits.

 

CEOUNICOM

1:57 PM ET

January 25, 2011

I've read all three now... Flynn, Broadwell, & Foust...

Conclusion =

- Foust has the most credibility, provides the most insight, and makes the most sense. He may not have all the detail, but his big picture is more honest than the others. (to me... and we're all subjective here)

- Broadwell says the most while informing the least; information sans substance. (i've made this complaint about her before; she seems to put a lot of words together while avoiding making any particular argument or point)

- Flynn: justifies his own existence. But ultimately is looking though a pinhole at his own objectives. He has every box ticked , lots of CYA material. Did his homework, made sure the forms were filled, the people consulted. In the context of his mandate, he did his job, if you have a problem, talk to the judge. You can't argue with his work. No one's charging him with anything. It's Par For Course. Omlettes, Eggs, etc.

In the end, it's just a story of how Afghanistan has turned into a process of diggin holes (or bombing them) and filling them back in. (with money!).

Meaning, in LtC Flynns story of 'defining success', there is little actual thought or perspective on how these particuar engagements/events add up to some larger, longer term strategic objective; he did his job for his tour, now he can turn it over to the next guy for the summer. We've made "progress". Thats it. No interest as to whether this has any contribution to long term situation in Afghanistan. "progress" is a euphamism for "shit happened; we did our job". They wasted some Talibs. They cleared a village. Checked off the boxes. Made sure land deeds were established and monies distributed. This is not the preferred approach. We'd rather not blow your entire town up and then pay you for it afterward. However, given the circumstances, that's what we'll do. Get over it. This is the reality of the conflict.

Despite appearances maybe, I'm not bitching. I'm not surprised. Nor do I think its fair to expect much else given the state of affairs. I think Foust gets the core of it right in his headline =

"Sort-Term Thinking Causing Long-Term Failure"

Broadwell: ""... razing villages is not high on the priority list. It is not common." However, when in the field, "Commander's (sic) have to make a calculation about the risks""

I am not sure subtle understatement works when discussing wholesale destruction of people's villages. Meaning, "not high" is maybe not as clear or comittal as saying, "We dont ever intend to do that". It seems what she's actually saying is, "shit happens"... Villages will be destroyed. But we compensate people. Its not either willy-nilly or done off the cuff.

General Stanley McChrystal told the troops in Afghanistan that "Destroying a home or property jeopardizes the livelihood of an entire family - and creates more insurgents. We sow the seeds of our demise."

This should be clear to all. Yet, its still on the menu. Not "high priority", but its still happening with relative frequency.

To some degree it seems like we're pulling ourselves in 2 directions. We have generals making strategic determinations about the long term approach; but what happens on the ground every day ultimately isn't at all harmonized with those objectives.

Watching Restrepo ... there was a moment where this broke through the film and the viewer just goes, "oh, @(#*$ There goes the whole effort"

It's when the (*Capt?) officer is in a meeting with the locals, gets tired with the process, and just goes, "I dont give a @#(*&$ what you think"

You wonder if that was actually translated. You wonder how that short term stalemate will result in more IEDs, sniping, etc for the rest of their tour. How his burst of frustration will probably cost an American soldier their life, eventually. How their failure to pay cash ($400?) for the dead cow will mean they just created a new enemy. Etc.

Again, I'm not bitching. I feel a great deal of empathy for the officers who have to make decisions under the constrains they do, with limited choices and specific objectives. They find a way to get it done with the least loss of life. Ultimately thats the goal. So they blow @#&*up. Big whoop. These are cinderblock/mud structures. It's not like its downtown tokyo (which we have burned to the ground in the past without regret).

My only point is, we're not winning a war. We're maintaining one. We're playing a 10yr wack-a-mole. Flynn is a good mole-whacker. We shouldn't complain. But - more broadly - we should ask why we're doing what we're doing, and whether it actually helps anything at all in the end. Are we making Kandahar province more likely to be pro-government? Pro American? Anti-taliban? .... or no, are we just 'clearing' the area? To let the next unit come and do more clearing and handing out checks...

 

CEOUNICOM

3:28 PM ET

January 25, 2011

Caption

It Takes a Village To Raise a Child; It Takes a Child To Blow Up a Village

 

CEOUNICOM

3:34 PM ET

January 25, 2011

Sorry I missed the obvious there...

It should have been, "It Takes a Child To Raze a Village"

Much simpler; i completely missed the pun first go-round

 

Thomas E. Ricks covered the U.S. military for the Washington Post from 2000 through 2008.

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