Here is a guest column from someone who cannot be identified, responding to yesterday's item about the growth in staffing at big joint commands:

By Mr. Y
Best Defense defense consultants correspondent

The joke is, this chart doesn't count contractors. I conservatively estimate that those numbers have increased by some 300 percent in 10 years. Money is easier to get than government bodies (civilian or military). And, these people aren't really counted by FTEs [full-time equivalents] but simply by contract amount. Then, there are thousand more buried in sub-HQ agencies and "field activities" and every other permutation that lets them keep the staff off of "official" headquarters manning documents. 

This growth creates sclerosis. It slows down decisions and action. It sucks the lifeblood out of eager 0-4s and 0-5 working at HQ, hoping to make a difference in policy (that they will then go implement when back in the field). 

I am reading Michael Lewis' book, The Big Short, about the subprime mortgage crisis that nearly brought capitalism to its knees. There were guys betting against the market in 2004-05-06 who couldn't believe how stupid most of Wall Street was in making these subprime mortgage bets. As they got closer to the action and learned more -- they realized it was even worse than they thought, and the people in leadership positions were even dumber than they could imagine.

That's what we're dealing with. The closer you get, the worse that it looks.

Secretary Gates is trying his damndest to get his arms around this, and shrink it.  But the bureaucracy is resilient ... and it is supported by a private sector power that is as pernicious as the weapons systems industry. It's the consulting industry. Some outside perspectives are valuable and necessary. But, we have gone way beyond that. It's just bodies -- qualified or not -- thrown into the system.

exfordy/flickr

EXPLORE:MILITARY
 

ADMIRAL

4:44 PM ET

December 3, 2010

War Forever, Inc. Bob Gates CEO

Gates has never told the truth about anything. He plays by "Washingtons Rules".
He tries to come off like he cares about financial problems, like the bartender who cares about the drunk, or the dealer who cares about the junkie. Mr. Ricks is doing double time barking for Gates. The War Party is destroying America. The greatest criminal gang in our history.

"The men the American people admire most extravagantly are the greatest liars; the men they detest most violently are those who try to tell them the truth."
-H.L. Mencken

 

FAOINTNG

5:39 PM ET

December 3, 2010

Cooling Off period

The problem of keeping count of contractors is even worse down range. Try getting a head count of how many contractors of all sorts are on some of these large bases and you would be shocked at how often the answer is "I do not know".

 

FAOINTNG

5:42 PM ET

December 3, 2010

Excuse the previous title.

Excuse the previous title. Was writing on two boards and swapped the titles in my mind.

Oops.

 

RAYFIN3

5:45 PM ET

December 3, 2010

Look in the mirror

Consider the actions of the tsarist lackeys before the 1917 revolution, or those high-level communist party officials before the USSR fell apart. They could see that they were part of an unjust and economically dysfunctional system, but they didn’t have the courage to speak or live the truth. How many folks reading this blog see themselves as one of the MIC parasites on the larger American body-politic? Why don’t they do something courageous? The defense industry? Consultants? Try looking in the mirror. It’s amazing how fully/deeply we can delude ourselves when personal interests are at stake.

 

JIM GOURLEY

6:16 PM ET

December 3, 2010

Looked Pretty Bad From Where I Was...

They say that amateurs talk tactics and professionals talk logistics. At Fort Campbell, it's mostly people in khakis and polo shirts talking the logistics. I think that's why they have us by our sensitive anatomical spheroids. G-4 was the greatest source of rear-d angst after our unit deployed.

To the contracted workforce's credit, the guys down in the motorpools and supply areas working the forklifts and turning wrenches did a superb job. They truly had an honest, blue-collar 'merican work ethos-- "we're here to do a job an' we ain't leavin' till it's done right." God bless them, every one.

But the folks managing those motorpools and supply yards? Aye, caramba.

There was/is a way out for the unit in which the contractor works-- simply complain to the employing company. They have a strong desire to keep the customer happy, and will usually have that person out of your office within a week. The downside to this is that they don't actually fire the loser. They just kick them down the street to another unit. Don't feel too bad about hosing the adjacent unit, though. After all, where do you think the company is going to get the replacement they send you?

It's like playing musical chairs, except the company always finds a way to invent a new chair so everyone has a seat when the weasel goes pop.

I think at this point the problem has gone super-critical, and it will fuel itself. How do you tell a privately-owned special forces regiment, complete with its own aviation battalion and engineer slice (and apparently now its own privateer vessel) that it has to draw down when the Senators and Congressmen from North Carolina argue against it? In addition, no maintenance trooper with substantial technological skill (electronics repair and IT guys are major targets) is going to spend more than ten years in the military when they can make three times as much doing the same job for a corporation.

The more contractors we pair up with troops, the more face time advertising the contractors get with the troops, the more troops the contractors pull away from the Army, the more the Army needs the contractors.

I know an old woman who swallowed a fly...

We say too often that the war in Afghanistan is costing us $190 million a day. Try looking at it another way-- it's a $190 million-a-day industry. World peace is going to be really bad for some peoples' businesses. Given that, it's going to be pretty difficult to justify declaring world peace when all your intel reports say otherwise. Never mind just how many privately contracted intel analysts we have out there right now.

 

SOLDIERSDIARY

8:18 PM ET

December 3, 2010

who runs the 101st

yeah...but you know Scott H. (you should know his last name) runs the 101st...sometimes contractors can bring continuity to a command when those in uniform are in and out in 3 years.
as you brought it to the tactical level in the 101st, there ar reasons why there are so many contractors, from G4, to inprocessing, to transportation, to the gate guards. Without them, that job is done by Soldiers, Soldiers who are not training, and not deploying so they can do those jobs that contractors fill.
While I agree, we probably have to many, you can't make the argument to get rid of them without discussing the pros along with the cons

 

JIM GOURLEY

9:50 PM ET

December 3, 2010

Good 'ol Scott

You've got me on Mr. H. The Arthurs come and go, but that guy really is Merlin. Then again, there's only one of him.

Consumate professional, has all the bona fides from his life in uniform, but knows exactly where his left and right limits are with regard to not wearing that uniform anymore. I think it's notable that you had to find out about that guy. He wasn't one to broadcast himself. He never stands on his resume-- he goes out there and proves his worth every day. How many contractors you ever had look at you and say "don't talk to me like that, I was a battalion commander"? I had one pull that. I told him I wouldn't have admitted to that in a room full of warrants and captains trying to explain the fundamentals of how to write an operations order. I'm serious. We were at the "it's five paragraphs" level.

But we actually did consult him about the G-4 issues. Not even he could help us with that one. The offending parties were dug in deeper than an Alabama tick.

That said, I don't believe this is a situation where one bad apple spoils the barrel. Actually, I think it's the barrel itself doing the spoiling. When you force these companies to conduct their hiring practices according to the ridiculous amount of existing federal regulations and pair that system with the good 'ol boy network, you create a framework that can lead to nothing other than failure.

 

DORSAI

7:15 PM ET

December 3, 2010

What does it say when a command has >50% contractors?

So, I agree with Mr. Y's comments, but am particularly concerned about those agencies that have gotten so contractor-heavy that they can no longer do the mission without the contractors.

There are several combatant commands (or sub-HQ agencies, components or otherwise) out there that have bloated their staffs beyond the 50% contract place. Many of them generally pay those contracting companies close to a 1/4 to a 1/3 of a million per year for each of those contractors - and those contractors are, not surprisingly, compensated at $150k+ per year.

That pay scale frequently draws the highly technical folks, the go-getters, the folks who can branch out into dozens of different places because they have fungible systems engineering, IT, analysis, and/or cyber skills that make them hot commodities. Some (I emphasize some) of those left behind in the <50% gov/mil remainder are people who have chosen gov/mil positions for safety's sake because they know they're not as competitive, or don't have the personality to embrace risk..

The dynamic decision makers left behind are those poor eager O-4/O-5's mentioned by Mr. Y, who have to struggle against the majority weight of the gov/mil safety pool and the generally-more-technically-knowledgeable contract labor force. It's a miserable experience for them, leaving them desperate to either escape into the contractor workforce (if they have the specialized skills) or back out into the field, where they can make a difference leading soldiers, sailors, airmen, and marines without the weight of the gov/mil safety pool and the contractor bloatforce interfering with them.

At some places (I'm looking at you, Cyber Command), the tech skills in the O4/O5 go-getter and the gov/mil safety workforce is so slim that there isn't any other way to do this. We're stuck with a few dozen go-getter O4-O5's struggling to make sense of and develop policy for a new domain. They're weighed down by the gov/mil safety pool, and don't have the domain skills of the contract workforce to function without them.

We know we have to cut down the contract numbers, but at some places if we do that we're cutting into the only workforce who actually understands the domain. Don't get me wrong, there's room to cut incompetent contractors from Cyber Command (for example), but we still face a lot of risk if we decide to get rid of this workforce.

I'm not sure how to deal with this short of a great deal of expensive training and bonus pool money thrown at these high-value skill areas in the O4/O5 population. But I'd rather it go to them then give 1/3 million/year to contractors who may wonder away to another job very easily.

 

KRIS.ALEXANDER

9:50 PM ET

December 3, 2010

My new favorite word:

BLOATFORCE.

 

IRR SOLDIER...

4:10 PM ET

December 6, 2010

There are Numerous Workarounds....

There are numerous ways to work around this issue of limited expertise in the uniformed force. All it takes is imagination as the law and regulations allow for these:

1. Lateral Entry/Direct Commision for civilian experts as O-3s and O-4s a'la the Medical community.

2. Professional/Certification pay for officers with critical skills, education, experience a'la the medical community

3. Career Continuation pay if mid-career attrition is an issue. Just like we do with military healthcare professionals and JAG officers.

There are a lot of upsides to uniformed service if you implemented these proposals. With tax advantage, TRICARE and allowances, service as an O-4 in, say, the National Capital Region, is a very attractive compensation package. In the DC area, an O-4 pulls in about $113K a year in base pay, BAH and BAS. Throw in the tax advantage for BAH and BAS and he is taking how the equivalent of $120K in the "real world." TRICARE is a bargain and a very real benefit. Throw in an annual "pro pay" of $10-15K and you are paying a MAJ the similar amount a contractor makes while investing in the force and saving the taxpayer money.

 

MRWOOL

8:08 PM ET

December 3, 2010

Process failures

As a contractor myself, I completely agree that there are too many contractors, and that the nation seems to be entrusting ever-increasing vital roles to individuals that--though many are patriotic, driven and dedicated--are ultimately shackled to the bottom-line.

Yet it's not a situation that can be easily turned around, and one that I don't think can even begin to be addressed until you do one of two things: make the DOD/IC civilian hiring process faster and more efficient, and/or reduce the scope of the mission for these organizations. I don't think with 2 OCOs ongoing that the second is viable. On the first, however: I originally was looking for a DOD/IC civilian position, but after 9 months of usajobs questionnaires, mind-numbing "essay questions," and nothing beyond automated feedback, I finished my Masters degree and needed a job! I shot my resume around the contracting world, met with a few folks, and had real offers on the table within 2-5 days. The DOD/IC needs a process that can achieve even some fraction of that efficiency and flexibility before it can start booting contractors. Is the usajobs (or its defensejobs evil twin) going to be able to staff 100 civilian intel analysts in AF in 14 days--as was requested in a recent solicitation? Not a chance the way it is currently functioning: try 140-240 days.

 

JPWREL

8:31 PM ET

December 3, 2010

Nothing to add to this debate

Nothing to add to this debate except a question: Are contractors to the U.S. military bound by the UCMJ? If not , why not?

 

HUNTER

8:48 PM ET

December 3, 2010

Strictly speaking

NO. But there is some sort of bendy rules that make them subject to some such bastardization. Usually if there is a problem they are sent home and dealt with there - which means they may get off scott free. Not a lawyer. Don't know.

I do know quite a few were getting into trouble for General Order #1 violations in theater. Again, don't know how it was resolved.

 

BOLANDJD

2:19 AM ET

December 4, 2010

Aren't contractors bound by

Aren't contractors bound by whatever the hell rules are in the contract?

 

HUNTER

8:46 PM ET

December 3, 2010

Sticky clarification

I think it bears repeating that MIC is an inaccurate acronym. Eisenhower basically coined the term - and as such he called it the MICC. The first C = Congressional and they are complicit in all these shenanigans.

 

RUBBER DUCKY

10:32 PM ET

December 3, 2010

Let's quit pussyfooting around

Mercenaries. They mesh very nicely with that other set, the AVF. I can hear the Founding Fathers now: "Geez, if we could only figure out how to outsource war and not have to do it ourselves."

 

JIM GOURLEY

12:08 AM ET

December 4, 2010

A little overzealous, I think

I don't call the guy hired to hand out towels at the Green Zone gym a mercenary. Then again, I think "41st Hessian Brigade" is probably a more fitting company name than "Xe."

Let's not forget those Hessians, either, because it's not like there weren't mercenaries on the Revolutionary battlefields. I'm not sure of the exact numbers, but the English conflict in India was fought primarily by corporate soldiers. By the mid-1700s the East India Company was the de facto governmental and military authority in the region on the King's behalf. Incidentally, I see that as a great argument against people who think private corporations can do it better than government. The boys in Bombay ruined everything. If they hadn't bankrupted the empire with poor diplomacy resulting in costly fighting, then the taxes that angered the American colonists would have never been necessary.

Go back further and look at the way the British weighed in on Habsburg power plays on the continent in the 17th and 18th centuries. Instead of raising their own army, the generally resorted to paying off the various powers they allied with in order to maintain standing forces. That's a precedent the Yemenis should bring up for their recent "navy for hire" scheme to defend shipping off the Somali coast. And before that, back in the heyday of the Italian city states, you've got nothing but mercenary armies. No one complained about it then.

And always it seems that in every story you hear about the prostitutes, smiths, entertainers and entrepreneurs that followed great war trains. Just because you're not wearing a uniform means you're a mercenary, but at the same time I'm not sure that history really demonstrates the mercenary to be such a loathesome entity.

 

ERIC HAMMEL

4:17 AM ET

December 4, 2010

War of Movement

If the contractor system is working, at least to a degree, for an army tail pretty much sitting on its ass in fixed long-term bases, how do you all think it might work in a dynamic war of movement across a broad expeditionary theater?

Does not seem like a good fit to me.

 

ZATHRAS

5:02 AM ET

December 4, 2010

I don't know about all this

Assigning a greater number of military tasks to contractors probably made sense when we were thinking in terms of a military with a shrinking mission and no overseas combat deployments lasting in excess of a year. Which we were, pretty much, starting about 20 years ago.

Military contractors look like a bigger problem now because we're not thinking of the military in that way today. Really, we started thinking of it differently with the Bosnia peacekeeping mission -- which has never ended -- and the long containment deployments aimed at Saddam Hussein. You spend more on logistics contractors when you need more logistics, which we started doing in the mid-late 1990s, and of course did a lot more of after 9/11 and the Iraq invasion.

We're asking the military to do a lot more things than we thought we'd have to when the vogue for replacing uniformed personnel with civilian contractors began. We were also looking at a civilian economy that offers fewer temptations to good people in uniform than does the one we have today. I suspect that some of the people getting all emotional about military contractors ("Mercenaries!" "Hessians") would be getting all emotional about some other subject if this one weren't on the table. They might do better to think about ways we can begin asking the military to do less, and about opportunities to shift some support functions back to people in uniform, even if that means we end up having to recruit more such people.

 

JIM GOURLEY

6:19 PM ET

December 4, 2010

On the head

I think Zathras got closer to the target I was trying to hit. Ultimately, this is about a bastardization of the whole "mercenary" concept. These folks are supposed to be "disposable soldiers" of a sort-- hire them to beef up your force for short term emergencies, then let them go so you can always keep your standing professional force at a manageable (and affordable) personnel level. Once you think you're going to need that Hessian for a ten-year stint, you probably need to find a way to throw him in proper uniform. The longer he's out there all Hessian-like, the more expense you incur and, as has also been discussed here, the greater the risk you run of legal complications. That ought to about sum up the contemporary history.

 

CMEYERGO

5:08 PM ET

December 4, 2010

Korean Case Study

Our Army in Korea should be a case study of this. We have a heavy armor brigade there (reinforced) so around 4000 combat troops. Yet we have 20,000 active soldiers in Korea, several thousand American civilians in support, some 17,000 Koreans working on our bases, and an unknown number of contractors. All this when the South Korean military is five times stronger than the rag tags in the North. (oops, that's a big secret , lest Congress start asking questions)

Here is another example of absurd units. We have several Army reserve units in Germany! The 7th ARCOM with 22 "drilling" units. It seems most are full time soldiers pretending to be reservists, while others are flown from the USA to "drill". Either way, its an absurd duplication of command and support. The true reservists can drill in the USA and units flown in when needed, while the actives merge into active units cutting costs in half.

 

COW COOKIE

3:50 PM ET

December 5, 2010

What about a non-compete clause?

You could solve a huge chunk of the contractor problem by making service members subject to non-competes. When someone gets out of the military, they should be barred from doing a similar job for a) a private company contracted by the U.S. government or b) a civilian arm of the federal government.

Civilian companies use this type of arrangement all the time. They would never invest significant amount of training resources without limiting the ability of the worker to use those skills at a competing company. Doctors do this. Lawyers do this. Hell, even journalists do this.

As long as soldiers, sailors, airmen and Marines can make more money just by changing out ID cards, they will continue to do so. Prohibiting that will help stem the exodus from the military and keep more hard-won expertise in-house, thereby reducing the need for contractors.

Of course, non-competes wouldn't be permanent. They would expire after a set number of years - again, as they do in the civilian world. But the specter of five years looking for a job in the hopes of getting a higher one sometime down the road is much less attractive than getting a higher paycheck just by exchanging a uniform for a suit - sometimes even while continuing to sit in the same chair.

 

SOCAL55

6:51 PM ET

December 5, 2010

Sounds good in theory

But the Military would just routinely wave the clause if they really wanted/needed the that individuals services or even just because of the good 'ol boy network.

Using contractors for "surge" capacity has always been a myth. Once the current wars ends at some distant future date it will be argued that the private sector capacity must be fully maintained in the interest of national security. Lots of lobbying, revolving door executive movement and plenty of well placed campaign contributions will make it happen.

 

Thomas E. Ricks covered the U.S. military for the Washington Post from 2000 through 2008.

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