Thursday, December 17, 2009 - 1:53 PM
Turns out that Iraq insurgents were able to watch live feeds from American drone aircraft. Reminds me of Japanese hubris about their codes during World War II.
If anything, I think the enemy, being smaller and less bureaucratic, tends to be more technologically agile than us. I remember after the Anaconda battle in Afghanistan in the spring of 2001 seeing solar collectors in an al Qaeda command and control bunker high atop "Roberts Ridge." From the wires I could see it looked to me like they used it to power their communications. (I didn't want to climb down into it because I was worried it was boobytrapped, and also because there were unused RPGs and all sorts of other stuff cluttering the ground.) Anyway, solar power sure beats carry hauling batteries up the pathways along those 10,000-foot-high razorback ridges.
Deb Smith/U.S. Air Force/Getty Images
Seemingly, all conventional military forces generally hold their opponents in contempt. In the summer of 2006 the Israelis showed classic contempt for Hezbollah irregulars in southern Lebanon and took a beating as a result. As a matter of fact the U. S. military because of its massive power often seems more xenophobic than most and has been known to extend its disdain even to friendly forces that are often superior in training and performance to our own. Hence this stupid notion in the Pentagon that ‘only’ Americans can do COIN.
From this most recent incident of the insurgents tapping into live feeds from UAV’s to the development of simple to exotic IED’s our opponents have shown themselves to be creative and possessing technical and tactical ingenuity. Since insurgents don’t have all the bureaucratic rigmarole to pass though in order to exploit an opportunity they can move quickly and effectively while we analyze and fiddle around and run a new idea or counter measure though a hundred different levels of command.
It would be nice to begin to see U. S. forces begin to show a little humility because without it they will be courting further embarrassment and make their jobs which are already complex even more difficult. We cannot despise our enemy’s courage, ability to learn and willingness to sacrifice. One would have thought we would have learned this lesson in Vietnam?
It wasn't exactly contempt for Hezbollah: the IDF had lost their war fighting mindset because they'd been involved with police action too much in the occupied territories.
The IDF also piecemealed their force into battle, and didn't seem to be able to make their mind up on what they wanted to do, which gave Hez time to react. Neat how Hez used electric fans to give off heat signatures to dummy rocket emplacements.
If anyone blogging here thinks our trigger-pullers have contempt for the Taliban; think again. It's been my observation they don't take them lightly. I wouldn't over state the contempt issue.
This isn't about the trigger-pullers. It's about the officer corps, and the inane mindset that has plagued forces that have considered themselves technically superior to their foes for time immemorial.
The Burgundians thought they could whup a bunch of Swiss peasants with poleaxes. They got beat. Just an ancient example.
More relevant might be the attitude of the British commanders during the two disastrous campaigns they ran in Afghanistan in the 19th century. In one the Afghans let one guy make his way back over the Khyber to tell the story. One guy.
But what amazes me is that the transmittal - essentially using a wifi network - are UN-EN-friggin-CRYPTED! I bet most of the people who post here have wifi networks at home and I bet that most if not all have them fairly heavily encrypted with WPA2. I know I do. Why doesn't the US Army or USAF or whomever? It's criminal negligence.
Oh, this isn't about trigger-pullers; it's about officers?
Why didn't someone tell me? I thought about being an officer, but decided I'd rather hang out with an outfit that was less risk aversive, though sometimes looney, that would empower me to make decisions based on what I found in front of me instead of waiting for someone at a higher echelon to play it safe, by waiting for the situation to become questionable for action.
You really think it was one guy the Afgan let go over the Kyber? Maybe not two or three, but it sounds better for posterity?
He was the surgeon of the outfit. This was the 1839 invasion.
According to the History Channel:
"On this day, January 13, 1842, a British army doctor reaches the British sentry post at Jalalabad, Afghanistan, the lone survivor of a 16,000-strong Anglo-Indian expeditionary force that was massacred in its retreat from Kabul. He told of a terrible massacre in the Khyber Pass, in which the Afghans gave the defeated Anglo-Indian force and their camp followers no quarter."
"In the 19th century, Britain, with a goal of protecting its Indian colonial holdings from Russia, tried to establish authority in neighboring Afghanistan by attempting to replace Emir Dost Mohammad with a former emir known to be sympathetic to the British. This blatant British interference in Afghanistan's internal affairs triggered the outbreak of the first Anglo-Afghan War in 1839."
"Dost Mohammad surrendered to British forces in 1840 after the Anglo-Indian army had captured Kabul. However, after an Afghan revolt in Kabul the British had no choice but to withdraw. The withdrawal began on January 6, 1842, but bad weather delayed the army's progress. The column was attacked by swarms of Afghans led by Mohammad's son, and those who were not killed outright in the attack were later massacred by the Afghan soldiers. A total of 4,500 soldiers and 12,000 camp followers were killed. Only one man, Dr. William Brydon, escaped to recount the details of the military disaster."
A few others got out eventually, but of the main force they only left one guy. If you want I will go to my 1911 Britannica and find the article there.
Why the caustic attitude? What's your issue?
Forgive me my dry wit. I must remember how others perceive me. I haven't been around Anglophone speaking people in awhile. I'll improve, I promise.
I'm aware of the story. Are you also aware of the two elderly sisters that came forward many years ago in Kabul I believe, that were of British descent, that had been taken-in as infants by an Afghan family and raised, and may also have been survivors of that ill-fated march?
And I am sure there were others - stragglers, deserters, etc. My point was that these are serious people who are not to be trifled with and will find a way to win. And if you let them they will take you out in a pretty merciless way.
So I was just giving an exampled of a "superior" force that actually got wiped out, not just decimated but destroyed almost to a man.
I guess the assumption that because these folks live in mud huts and have a very backward-looking traditional way of life means they aren't technically adept is a very dangerous and stupid one. Tom's story about the solar collectors for the command and control cave makes all the jokes about bin Laden and caves seem pretty silly. It may be a cave, but they probably have self-sustaining electronics and data collection and processing equipment up there - pretty sophisticated stuff. And I bet it's encrypted.
These guys are such good craftsmen that you can go to a gun shop in Peshawar and buy an AK 47 made 100% of locally milled parts - not one original Russian, Chinese, or Czech bit in it. Complete with mother-of-pearl inlay.
It just floors me that after eight years of dealing with these guys we could be so sloppy.
And we all are allowed to be caustic and snarky here to some extent - I was just wondering why - thanks for the response!
The doctor in question wasn't the only soldier to survive. Several senior British commanders allowed themselves to be taken captive and ransomed. In doing so they left their troops and civilians to die and got home a few months later after a suitable bribe was paid.
But it sort of fits in with the scenario we are discussing anyhow.
There actually is a terrific memoir about this whole thing by the wife of the British commander, Lady Sales. She was one of the hostages taken and treated well. I bought a copy of her memoir at the little bookstore in the Kabul Intercontinental in the spring of 2002. (Same place we held my junior prom.)
Best,
Tom
What good is COIN or any other concept if the execution sucks? That's the point of the post from the gunny and now this. Maybe the Admiral is right and the officer corps is just debased. Or nobody really cares. As you and others have written, it isn't Vietnam, and the motives are decent, but I don't see a good outcome. Not with the policy confusion that's out there, the inability to come to grips with what COIN really means - notwithstanding the point that it isn't clear that COIN is something that can actually work, and now what appears to be technical incompetence.
A friend of mine that now travels around for Janes Info Group told me there was something in the wind about this. This would now seem to confirm that.
Operation Anaconda: what a cluster that was. I know, I was watching it, but be that as it may, we can be just as agile as our enemy. The problem is, we know we don't have to be, and so we let some staff officer do a point paper on needing a high tech solution for a low tech problem.
This is a great blog. I've been watching it for awhile. Thanks for keeping it up and running.
Listening to Unprotected Comms Is Called Listening, Not Hacking
“The hacking was possible because the remotely flown planes have an unprotected communications link.”
This is called listening, not hacking, which would entail the circumvention of actual security measures. So this is worse than hubris.
The bit about proprietary communications technology not being compatible with widely used encryption systems sounds off. Here's a helpful command:
cat comms.dat | gpg --symmetric --armor --passphrase 'encrypt your data!'
Breaking that stream, if someone had bothered to use it, would be hacking.
Damn fine nuanced point. In addition, it is always better to listen and/or observe than leave a possible electronic/physical trail that you have compromised someone’s source of information gathering, such as this non-air breather platform.
Incidentally, we often aren’t concerned that our adversary knows what's up there; it's knowing what its capability and real time down-link is, that the community wants to keep close hold.
Three guesses, and the first two don't count, that the individuals that compromised this were under 25 years of age?
Even My Grandma Can Download Video Pirating Software
the individuals that compromised this were under 25 years of age?
It's important to underline just how simple and easy it was for anyone to listen to the video feed. Maybe these people were young and tech savvy, but trying out satellite grabbing software is something that my grandmother could do. Two seconds of Google shows a score of satellite piracy tools—SkyGrabber, Skyfisher, SkyNet, etc.—take your pick, download one, and turn it in. Done.
Plus, the fact that an application designed for satellite television piracy is able to handle this "proprietary communications technology" makes this excuse for not encrypting the data stream sound more dubious.
I'll also throw out the possibility that this capability was discovered not by insurgents trying to listen to predator feeds, but simply by someone pirating satellite tv who found an additional "channel". If you don't encrypt your data, it would be that simple.
Don't get too far out on a limb old chum. You don't have the whole story. I've a good guess, but it's frowned upon for me blogging, but your correct in your tech lecture based on what you know...there's no excuse. Prior planning prevents piss poor performance. Someone took a short cut for expediency.
If I was operating a surveillance drone system with the full understanding that it was common knowledge (based on the incident surrounding what happened in Kosovo with the British fellow who looked in on some video) that the system could be hacked, I would probably move to close that loop.
Unless, of course, I wanted someone to see that it was being hacked.
The nice thing about turning on a satellite is that it creates a nicely triangulated point on the ground where it is located. That means, I would surmise, that anyone looking in on the frequencies where you could view surveillance video of a drone in flight in the open would show up on some other sort of overhead collection--say, a separate platform looking down for a VSAT pointed up at a particular satellite and connected via the same frequency as what the drone was using.
Now, I'm not a military man, but I would think that if you had said drone in the air, hovering near where said "hacker" was then connected to the satellite and able to receive the frequency of the video feed, I would *think* that that would indicate you had just found a bad guy. Does the surveillance drone not fly around in a preset pattern, trying to find "bad guys?"
Correct me if I'm wrong, and I know someone will, but that's a situation easily rectified that calls for a hellfire missile--or is that just too farfetched? Is there a ROE situation there that doesn't quite fit the situation?
Just my wild, uninformed guess.
An effective draw play starts with .....
getting your opponent to underestimate your intentions and not understand your capabilities. Cavalry hot shots are the most desirable types of cuckolds - their mobility makes them less aware of what is going on about them.
With the drones, by the way, how many Potemkin-enemies have we removed? Would we know?
"2001" should be "2002." But at least no general's name is misspelled.
First, I am not apologizing for the Pentagon. They let this loophole go for five years and didn't close it. That was dumb. What happened could have been far worse than it was.
While it is bad to underestimate the enemy, I think it is also bad to overestimate them as well. Yes, the insurgents were able to gain access to UAV video feeds. I think it should also be pointed out that it does not appear to have done them much good. The insurgents did not have the technical knowledge to exploit this loophole. They still got beat down in 2008 and they have had to switch tactics from bunches of little bombs to fewer big headliners to compensate for their losses they haven’t been able to make back. They just got to watch the beat down from a Predator point of view as well.
"Achmed! Come look at what Mohammed can show us on the computer! He's tapped into a Predator camera! Now we can see what the infidels are looking at. See? We can see our safe house from here!"
KA-BOOM!
Of course there is an answer. The American Stingers were issued to the Taliban via auspices of the Pakistani authorities particularly ISI. Today the Pakistanis would not want to sponsor that type of escalation against American aircraft even though they probably don't mind the killing of American and allied troops in Afghanistan. Iran will not sponsor that type of escalation nor would the Russians since it would not serve their larger interests. The Afghan Taliban just doesn’t have a large state sponsor other than the Pakistani ISI. They seem to be doing just fine without the larger firepower.
They obviously are not the slightest bit intimidated by muscle bound American or allied forces and will attack them when they see a tactical opportunity. We have massive military assets but they have persistence, situational awareness and intestinal fortitude. In other words they seem to have their hearts in the fight for the long run.
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There is no greater disaster than underestimating your enemy, once you underestimate opponents or take your enemy too lightly, you will be in danger of losing your compassion, moderation, and non-competitive spirit. Regards Car Leasing
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